Abstract— The hyperspectral optical imagery constitutes a significant mine of information. These images reveal valuable information about soil conditions and can be used successfully in the saline soils mapping domain.
Currently, the use of spatial hyperspectral image is considered to be a most spectacular technological revolution, because it has the advantage to reconstruct almost the entire spectrum of each images pixel. This characteristic, which is connected to the large number of bands, is achieved at the expense of the size of the image swath on the ground.
Only one scene satellite Hyperion image composed of more than two hundred twenty (220) images was used to cover the central part of the Mleta plain. These images are corrected on radiometric and atmospheric plan. The atmospheric corrections are made by FLAASH module using the MODTRAN radiative transfer model. This operation will subtract the values of absorbed radiation and layers atmospheric backscattered to find in the end the true reflectance values at ground level. The classification, based on almost continuous spectral information of the thematic objects across the electromagnetic spectrum, applied on these images will allow highlighting the different saline soils classes.
Two mapping methods have been used to mapping salinity. The first method is made from a colored composition between the first MNF (Minimum Noise Fraction) images. As for the second, it is done using a SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper) classification method based on information contained in the various spectral calculated from the image and compared with those of the spectral library.
Keywords— Saline Soil, Hyperspectral Image, EO-1 Hyperion Satellite, Mleta Plain.
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