Abstract— Water stress causes serious yield loss of upland rice under water stress condition due to reduction in various physiological parameters, more particularly nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate six indigenous upland rice genotypes (viz., Mairen Ake-er, Soksu Ajoha, Soksu Abara, Chubok Abara, Bijor Soksu, and Inglongkiri) from North Hill zones (i.e. Karbi Anglong) for higher NUE and yield potential under different water regimes (Full irrigation & No water + 5000ppm of 6000PEG spray at tillering and heading stages). Real Time Nutrient Management (RTNM) approaches were used to determine the optimum rate of nitrogen for maximum yield and higher NUE under physiological drought condition. As such, amount of nitrogen fertilizer received by each of the varieties during growing period was 130 kgN/ha (1300ppm=1.3%) irrespective of water regimes. The genotypes showed differences in grain yield, plant height, chlorophyll content, proline, nitrate reductase, N-content and N-uptake. The variety Inglongkiri with the highest score corresponding to total N-uptake (88.85%), NUE (25.78%) and HI (43.51%), and the lowest reduction in grain yield (1.6%) has emerged as suitable genotype under water stress condition as compared to the irrigated one. Inglongkiri, a developed variety of Assam (RARS, Diphu), was found physiologically efficient among the varieties tested. This variety possesses the adaptive traits, especially higher N use efficiency, higher yield and attributes under physiological drought condition. Therefore, Inglongkiri may be taken as a donor in breeding programme for direct seeded upland limited moisture condition, and can be grown suitably under agro climatic conditions of elsewhere in Assam during Ahu season.
Keywords— Chlorophyll, grain yield, leaf area, plant height, proline, rice, water productivity.
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