Abstract— The porcine circovirus type 2 is the etiologic agent of the post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) or post-weaning multisystemic cachetizing syndrome. Swine circovirosis is considered an emerging disease that can become a limiting factor for the development of the porcine industry worldwide. This study is aimed at detecting the PCV-2 presence in organ fragments of 65 terminated pigs from slaughterhouses in São Paulo, SP, Brazil, using histopathology and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Microscopic lesions were found in 84 (18.46%) organ fragments from 12 necropsied pigs. Various degrees of lymphoid depletion and diffuse infiltration of histiocytes, presence of giant cells and basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions were the main lesions observed by histological technique of H & E. Using the immunohistochemistry technique, 84 (18.46%) organ fragments were positively stained in brown by DAB, varying in intensity and location according to the selected tissue. Following the in situ hybridization technique, in all 84 (18.46%) organ fragments positive cells were found in the inflammatory infiltrates, including macrophages. By the negative staining technique, non-enveloped, isometric, circovirus-like particles were found, characterized as “complete” and “empty”, measuring 17 nm in diameter in 84 (18.46%) organ fragments. The antigen-antibody interaction was characterized by aggregation of circovirus particles in the immuno-electron microscopy, in all positive samples. Using the immunocytochemistry technique, the antigen-antibody interaction was strongly enhanced by the dense colloidal gold particles over the circovirus. The results of the histopathological techniques were similar to those of the transmission electron microscopy techniques, both being satisfactory for detection of PCV-2.
Keywords— Histopathology, Swine, Transmission electron microscopy, Type 2 Circovirus.
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