Abstract— The internal environment of volcanic craters is influenced by chemical content contained in geothermal resources, in the form of fumarola and solfatara, as well as the topography and extreme fluctuating temperatures can create a specific phenomenon to the formation of secondary minerals.
There were 5 represent profiles samples i.e. Profile A (toeslope), Profile B , Profile D (backslope), G Profile and Profile J (summit), plotted based on the topographic gradient of Ratu Crater, Tangkuban Parahu Volcano (topogeothermal), with a steep to very steep slope grade (van Zuidam , 1985). Samples on each profile were analyzed on its mineralogical properties.
Mineralogical analysis showed that the sand fraction of heavy minerals (density > 2.87) are opaque, augite, and hiperstin with varying percentages, while light mineral (density < 2.87) are a volcanic glass, zeolite, andesin, labradorite, bytownite and rock fragments. Extraction with oxalic and pyrophosphate acid showed the highest mineral content of allophane (1.414 %), imogolite (0.391 %), and ferrihydrite (2,091 %) contained in the profile D (backslope). The lowest content founded in the Profile A (toeslope), which has a smaller content than the Profile J (summit).
XRD analysis results (without treatment) showed that in each profile (A, B, D, G, J) have almost the same reflection pattern that consists of gypsum (4.27Å), feldspar (3.1-3.25 Å, cristobalite (4.04 Å), gibsite (4.85 Å), calcite (3.03 Å), kaolinite (7.1 Å) and quartz (3.34 Å).
XRD analysis (Mg+glycol) on each profile mostly dominated by non-crystalline minerals (amorphous), however the Profile J (Summit) and the Profile A (toeslope) are dominated by crystalline minerals that have been developed from amorphous minerals, i.e. mineral 2:1 (smectite and chlorite) and mineral 1:1 (halloysite and kaolinite).
Keywords— Crater, Secondary Mineral, Topogeothermal, Volcanic Ash.
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