Status of major Infectious diseases of IDSP at a tertiary level hospital in western Rajasthan in year 2015: A Record base analysis
Abstract—The frequent occurrence of epidemics even after the launching of the Integrated Diseases Surveillance Programme (IDSP) was an indication toward inadequacy of the control system. These epidemics/outbreaks may be identified if disease status analysis is done properly. The aim of the this study was to find out status of some of major diseases included in the IDSP in a tertiary level hospital of western Rajasthan. It was a record-based analysis carried out in hospitals attached to SMS medical College, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India. Weekly report of IDSP in ‘L’ Form was collected of year 2015 from SMS Medical College, Hospitals. Data related to major diseases of IDSP were gathered from these reports. These reports were analysed in percentage and proportion. It was observed among major six diseases studied in this present study, majority of cases were of Swine flue followed by Dengue, Scrub Typhus and Malaria. There was no case of Chikungunia and Enteric Fever. When deaths due to these major six diseases were observed it was found that majority of deaths occurred due to Swine flue followed by Dengue, Scrub Typhus and Malaria. Malaria death was due to Plasmodiun Falcifarrum. Maximum PCR was of Swine flue (42.32%) followed by Dengue (29.16 %), Scrub Typhus (21.87%) and Malaria (6.65%). Maximum PDR was of Swine flue (93.08%) followed by Dengue (3.08%), Scrub Typhus (3.08%) and Malaria (0.77%). Overall Case Fatality (CFR) of these diseases was found 9.2%. Regarding variation CFR of these diseases it was found that maximum CFR was of Swine flue (20.23%) followed by Scrub Typhus (1.29%), Dengue (1.06%) and Malaria (0.97%). This variation of CFR as per the type of diseases was found with significant variation (p<0.001).So more emphasis should be given to more fatal disease like swine flue.
Key words: Communicable Diseases, Survillance, IDSP, PCR, PDR, CFR
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Seasonal variation in major post surgical site infection micro-organism in SMS Hospital Jaipur (Rajasthan) India
Abstract— Season seems to have its role in wound infection which is the second commonest nosocomial infection and most troublesome disorder of wound healing. This study was carried out on 100 post-operative cases of Surgical Unit 1st of General Surgery Department of Sawai Man Singh Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India in years 2014. This study aimed to find out the seasonal trend in Post-operative wound infections (PSI). After interview of these, swab from post-operative wound was taken and sent for culture and sensitivity test in Microbiology. Results were inferred by Chi-square test. In this study, post-operative wound infection rate was found 21%. In majority of cases, causative agent found in post-operative infected wound was Staphylococci (90.48%) followed with Streptococci, E. Coli, Klebsella and Pseudomonas. Maximum cases were found in April followed by March, January and none was found in other months but this variation was not found significant.
Keywords— Post-operative wound Infection, Seasonal Variation, Micro-organism.
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Effect of Anemia on Pregnancy outcome: A Case-control study
Abstract— Anemia in pregnancy is commonly considered as risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome and can threaten the maternal and fetal life also. So this present cases control study was carried at R. K. Joshi District Hospital Dausa (Rajasthan) India, with the aim to find out the effect of anemia in Antenatal period on pregnancy outcomes. For this study, 50 Antenatal Cases (ANCs) with anemia were selected as study group among ANCs attending for delivery in district hospital Dausa. For control group age and BMI matched 50 normal healthy ANCs without anemia were selected from the same area. ANCs with any other diseases were excluded from the study. It was found in this study that although proportion of ANCs with LSCS, PPH and Sepsis were higher in anemic ANCs but it was not found significant. Likewise IUGR, LBW babies, premature births and still births were more in anemic ANCs but it was found significant only in case of LBW babies. So it can be concluded that anemia in ANCs effect weight of newborn babies born by ANC with anemia.
Keywords: Antenatal Cases (ANCs), Anemia in pregnancy, Pregnancy outcomes IUGR , LBW babies
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Role of Serum Lipids and Free Radicals in Myocardial Infarction in NIDDM: A Case Control Study
Abstract—Abnormalities that characterizes lipoprotein metabolism in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, fasting concentration of triglyceride rich lipoprotein especially very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) are higher and those of HDL, commonly measured as HDL-c, are lower than among people without diabetes, which leads to increased triglyceride HDL-c ratio and insulin resistance. This type of diabetic dyslipidemia is a major cause of oxidative stress which promote and accelerate atherosclerosis and thus, end organ damage AMI. This present study was carried at the Central Clinical Laboratory MIMSR Medical College Latur, with the aim to find out the role of lipoprotein-triglyceride in myocardial infarction in NIDDM. For this study, patient with myocardial infarction with NIDDM were selected after admitting in MIMSR Medical College Latur. These 25 cases were included in study group and age-matched to these cases 50 healthy subjects were selected as Control group. The lipid profile and total serum lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde) of study and control groups were assessed & compared. It was found that in the control group mean values of total cholesterol was 180.21 ± 18.13 mg % whereas it was 229.21± 23.58 in study group, which was significantly higher in study group. Likewise, mean Serum Triglycerides and Serum Lipid Peroxides (MDA) of study group were also found significantly (p<0.001) higher that of control group (228.14 v/s 99.9 and 410.22 v/s 180.96 respectively). It was also revealed in this study that mean Serum HDL-Cholesterol was found significantly lower in study group whereas LDL-Cholesterol (28.72 v/s 53.83) and VLDL-Cholesterol were found significantly higher in study group that control group (150.61 v/s 106.60 and 46.30 v/s 19.8). So it can be concluded that AMI patients with NIDDM have higher Total Serum Cholesterol, Serum Triglycerides, Serum Lipid Peroxides (MDA), LDL- Cholesterol and VLDL- Cholesterol with lower HDL- Cholesterol.
Keywords: Diabetic dyslipidaemia, Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress Malanodialdehyde and Myocardial Infarction.